22.3

=Chapter 22 Section 3=

responsible for the specific properties of organic compounds. = = -Alcohols Organic compound in which a hydroxyl group bound to a carbon atom of an alkyl group -Alkyl Halides Carbon-halogen bond which are fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. -Ethers Can't form hydrogen bonds -Aldehydes and Ketones Aldehyde is very volatile Obtained from the oxidation of alcohol Ketones are very polar because of the carbonyl group -Amines Organic compound that contain basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair -Amides They are the most stable of the functional groups. Can form peptide bonds between amino acids -Carboxylic Acids -Esters
 * Functional Groups:** an atom or group of atoms that is
 * Classes of Organic Compounds:**

R-OH - ol
 * Alcohols**
 * Contain OH functional Group

R-Carbonyl-H SUFFIX (-al)
 * Aldehydes**

R-O-R THIS GOES IN THE MIDDLE OF THE "R" GROUPS (-oxy-)
 * Ethers**

R-Carbonyl-R SUFFIX (-one)
 * Ketones**

R-Carbonyl-OH SUFFIX (-oic acid)
 * Acids**

R-Carbonyl-OR SUFFIX (-yl-oate)
 * Esters**

-COOH -Weak acids
 * Organic Acids**


 * Amines:** *Nitrogen atom bound to alkyl groups and hydrogen atoms
 * Derivatives of Ammonia


 * Amides:** *Carbonyl group with amine group


 * Nitriles :** R-C__=__N

= =