Amiton

By Sadie Amiton other names:  VG  Tetram

toc =Properties=

Molecular Formula: C10H24NO3PS Molecular Weight: 269.3412 g/mol Index of Refraction: 1.471 Density: 1.07 g/cm3 Flash Point: 144.3 °C Enthalpy of Vaporization: 55.63 kJ/mol Boiling Point: 315.1 °C at 760 mmHg Melting Point: Not Found Vapour Pressure: 0.000448 mmHg at 25 °C Structure of Amiton (CAS NO.78-53-5): It is covalently bonded It is a liquid

=Origin= Amiton is an organic compound used in the nerve agent VG. In the 1950's, scientists stumbled upon it while experimenting with different chemicals for ingredients in pesticides. After distribution throughout America in 1954 by ICI (Imperial Chemical Industries), they realized the horrible and harmful effects that it had. Not only was it very dangerous for animals and insects, but it was also deadly to humans. The production of Amiton was halted along with other organic chemical agents. It is a Cholinesterase inhibition which destroys your nervous system. After seeing the dangers it has, the military started to put it to use in chemical weapons. Because of the military's usage of Amiton, most information has been taken away. As of now, in order to obtain Amiton you need to have a licence to handle the product.

=Uses= As a pesticide: Amiton, because of its ability to corrupt the nervous system, was used in pesticides and insecticides in the 1950's. It has the ability to stay on clothes, skin, fur, and other objects for a long period of time, and its latency lets it slowly absorb in the skin or be inhaled to start its process of breaking down enzymes. It is no longer used in agriculture due to its dangers.

As a chemical weapon: It is classified as a Schedule 2 of the Chemical Weapons Convention for its dangers. It is in the V-Series of nerve agents. They are about 10 times more toxic than the G-agents. Today, it is being sought for use in chemical warfare. It is rumored that America, North Korea, and other countries has stockpiles of Amiton to use when needed if a chemical warfare is to break out, but that is not certain.

= **3-D Structure** = For Mac users please download imol and open the above with it.

=Reaction Tendencies= When mixed with air or water, Amiton has no rapid or hazardous reactions. It is dangerous when mixed with fire or phosphine gases. It emits toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. After the reaction with phosphine it creates the VG gas.

=Explanation of Structure= Percent composition by numbers:

Percent composition by mass:
 * Carbon || 10/40 = 25% ||
 * Hydrogen || 24/40 = 60% ||
 * Nitrogen || 1/40 = 2.5% ||
 * Oxygen || 3/40 = 7.5% ||
 * Phosphorous || 1/40 = 2.5% ||
 * Sulfur || 1/40 = 2.5% ||


 * Carbon || 44.59% ||
 * Hydrogen || 8.98% ||
 * Nitrogen || 5.20% ||
 * Oxygen || 17.82% ||
 * Phosphorous || 11.49% ||
 * Sulfur || 11.90% ||

**Dangers**

By ingesting, inhaling, or contact with eyes or skin Amiton shuts down your nervous system. It is classified as a Cholinesterase inhibition, which means that it discontinues the signals sent to the acetylcholine in the body and starts to break it down. That stops the acetylcholine from sending the needed signals to the synapse that are found throughout your nervous system. It can stop the signals needed for muscle, gland, and neuron fibers to work properly.

Symptoms of Amiton poisoning include: - Excessive salivation, sweating, and tearing. - Muscle twitching, weakness, tremor, incoordination. - Headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea. - Tightness in chest, respiratory weakness, and fluid in lungs - Blurred or dark vision. - Possibly death

=Resources= "Amiton VG-Nerve agent" chemistry.about.com Oct 23 2010 [] "VG(Nerve Agent)" Wikipedia.org Oct 23 2010 [|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VG_(nerve_agent)] "Amiton" cameochemicals.com Oct 23 2010 [] "Cholinesterase Inhibition" Extoxnet.orst.edu Oct 23 2010 [] "Amiton" chemindustry.com Oct 23 2010 [] "Nerve Agent" Wikipedia.com Oct 26 2010 [] "Amiton" Chemexper.com Oct 27 2010 http://www.chemexper.com/