Benzethonium+Chloride

//** Benzethonium Chloride - Jessica **// toc = =



=__// Properties //__=

Name; //Benzethonium Chloride// Formula; //C27H42CINO2// Molar Mass; //551.5457// Melting Point; //163C, 436K, 325F// Boiling Point; //At or above 100F, 38C// Chemical & Physical; //It is very soluble in H2O, and its an odorless white crystal with a very bitter taste. When in contact with humans, it leaves a soft, powdery after feel on the skin and hair.// Vapor Density; //15.4//

=//__Location __//=

// This chemical is wrongfully marketed as a "natural" ingredient. This is a false statement, although it comes from a fruit. Scientists discovered the chemical in Grapefruit Extract during various experiments explained below. The chemical can now be found in Anti-Itch Cream, Foot Cream, Cosmetics, Pain Relief, Baby Wipes, etc.. //

//Also 2001 word got out about the controversially markings -- "natural" ingredients. And because it is listed on cosmetic formulations as grapefruit seed extract. Which led to the identification of methyl, perservatives, triclosanm a microbicide and disinfectant.// = = =//__Origin __//=

Discovery; // There were alot of studies were conducted around this compound by many different scientists. // // In 1991, a collaboration led by Nishina first analysed the grapefruit extract // // Five years later a repeated study was done by Sakamoto at the Japanese National Institute of Health Sciences in Tokyo. However, the study went largely unnoticed outside of Japan. // // Until Takeoka published two analyses of the extract formula, from the Western Regional Research Center in Albany California. These studies broadened surveys of the extract prepartions and products containing them. // Finally with all the studies and information, Avula developed a HPLC-UV-MS method which simultaneously identified and quantified Benzethonium Chloride, methyl, and triclosan in the extract. From there scientist began working with the new compound information and began generalizing even more.Ganzera of the University of Innsbruck, Austria, developed and validated methods for determining 18 possible preservatives, disinfectants, and microbicides in the extract. Which ultimately gave Benzethonium Chloride a purpose. He also tested 9 unidentified commerical products uses for eco-farming, eight liquids and 1 powder, that also contained the chemical compounds.A few other scientists continued the studies on the new findings, double checking everything and testing the products for these chemical compound contents. These studies all contributed to the discovery of Benzethonium Chloride and all the things it can and eventually was used for.

=//__Purposes __//=

// Benzethonium Chloride is a synthetic quaternary ammonium salt. Many of these are used as antimicrobials and disinfectants, and is also good against mold, fungi, amoeba, and enveloped viruses. Independant studies on the compound shows that it is highly effective against pathogens. For example Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), Hepatitis B, Hepititis C, and Norovirus. It was identified as a novel cancer-specific compound, among other unknown uses. Benzethonium Chloride is also used in first aid antiseptics, antibacterial moist towelettes, cosmetics, and toiletries like mouthwashes, and anti-itch ointments. Also because the aqueous solution of the compound is not absorbed through the skin, it is used in many restaurants as a hard surface disinfectant. There are also risk factors and safety precautions when handling the pure substance. , it is still used everyday all around us. However, it has even been said as the best killer for MRSA. MRSA was shown to kill more people in 2005 with AIDS. Because of this, as well as its many other uses, it is of big importance to the medical world. //

=//__Reactions __//=

// Air&Water Reaction - Soluble in water, may react to prolonged air exposure. // // Other Reactions - Can react to light, combustible, and can react with nitrites. // // Also is stable up to two weeks in 140F degree temperature. //

// Hazards; If exposed to chemical can cause, vomiting, fainting, convulsions, nausea, coma, and even death. Chemical can also cause irritation to the skin, eyes, membranes, and upper respiratory tract. //

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2D Model -

=//__Work Cited __//= http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzethonium_chloride http://www.chemicalbook.com/ProductMSDSDetailCB9382932_EN.htm#2 http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_US_CB9382932.aspx http://blink.ucsd.edu/safety/research-lab/chemical/liquids/index.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternary_ammonium_salt http://www.chemicalbook.com/RiskAndSafety.htm#hazards http://www.news-medical.net/news/2007/12/04/33135.aspx http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Benzethonium-chloride-3D-spacefill.png http://spanish.alibaba.com/product-gs/benzethonium-chloride-121-54-0-523692568.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Benzethonium-chloride-2D-skeletal.png http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/12/18/5557.short http://ww.terressentials.com/takeokagrapefruitseed.pdf http://www.salonnaturalsonline.com/Benzethonium-Chloride/ http://cms.herbalgram.org/herbalgram/issue94/QUALCONTROL_gfse.html http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/19856