22.1

=Organic Chemistry=

Organic Compounds -covalently bonded compounds containing carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides

__Carbon Bonding and the Diversity of Organic Compounds__
Carbon's electronic structure allows it to bind itself to form chains and rings, to bind covalently to other elements and different errangements.

//Carbon-Carbon Bonding//
Catenation: the covalent bonding of an element to itself to form chains or rings The carbons in the structures can be linked by single, double, or triple covalent bonds.

//Carbon Bonding to Other Elements//
Hydrocarbons: they are composed of only carbon and hydrogen, they are the simplest organic compounds

//Arrangement of Atoms//
Some compounds may contain the same atoms but have different properties. The bonding capabilities are what make this possible.

__Structural Formulas__
-indicates the number and types of atoms present in a molecule and also shows the bonding arrangement of the atoms, they are made smaller to make them easier to read -they do not show the accurate 3 dimensional shape

Structural Isomers: the atoms are bonded together in different orders -they can have physical or chemical properties

__Geometric Isomers__ Isomers in which the order of the atom bonding is the same but the arrangement of the atoms in space is different